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Debugging Trace doing of given command ( useful debugging )
truss executable Using multiple windows, this can be used to trace setuid/setgid programs
truss -f -p <pid of a shell>
Arp, ethernet trouble shooting Shows the ethernet address arp table
arp -a . Delete a stale ethernet entry for host myhost
arp -d myhost
Disk Commands Reports disk space used in Kilobytes
du -k . Reports only total disk space used in Kilobytes
du -sk . Tells you how big the /var files are in reverse order
du -ad /var | sort -nr Format diskette
fdformat -d -U Command to display drives statistics
/usr/bin/iostat -E Mount an ISO 9660 CDROM
/bin/mount -F hsfs -o ro /dev/sr0 /cdrom Disk geometry and partitioning info
prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s2 How much space is used by users in kilobytes
quot -af
Driver Parameters Shows IP variables in the kernel
ndd /dev/ip \? Tells you if forwarding is on (=1)
ndd /dev/ip ip_forwarding Enables IP forwarding between interfaces
ndd -set /dev/ip ip_forwarding 1
File Manipulation Converts DOS file formats to Unix
dos2unix | -ascii <filename> Split files into pieces
split Search and Replace text in vi
[vi] : %s/existing/new/g Set line numbers in vi
[vi] :set nu Set tab stops in vi
[vi] :set ts=[num]
File System Zero's out the file without breaking pipe
cat /dev/null > filename Make a mirror image of your boot disk
dd if=/dev/rdsk/... of=/dev/rdsk/... bs=4096 Unmount all file systems in disk group dg
df -k | grep dg| awk '{print $6}' |xargs -n 1 umount Check a UFS filesystem on c0t0d0s0
fsck -F ufs /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0 Check answering yes to all questions
fsck -F ufs -y /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0 Check using an alternate super block
fsck -F ufs -o b=97472 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0 Unpack .tar.gz files in place
gzip -dc file1.tar.gz | tar xf - Creating hard links and soft links
ln [-fhns] <source file> <destination file> File sizes of current directory
ls -la | awk '{ print $5," ",$9 }' | sort -rn Mount DOS fdisk partition from Solaris
mount -f pcfs /dev/dsk/c0d0p1 /export/dos Used to remount root to make it writeable
mount -F ufs -o rw,remount / Re-mount the ro file system rw and turn on ufs logging
mount -o remount,logging /spare Create a tape (tar) archive
tar cvf filename.tar Extract a tape (tar) archive
tar xvf filename.tar Recursively copy files and their permissions
tar cf - . | (cd /newdir ; tar xf -) Syncs File Systems and Reboots systems fast
/sbin/uadmin x x Extract the patch_file that is a compressed tar file
zcat <patch_file.tar.Z | tar xvf - File Transfer Undocumented Feature of FTP
put "| tar cf - ." filename.tar Fast alternative to cp -pr
find . -depth | cpio -pdmv /path/tobe/copied/to Transferring large numbers of files within the same ftp control session
sendport
General Create windex databases for man page directories
/usr/bin/catman -w List out mail headers for specified user
mailx -H -u <username> Set file-completion for csh
set filec
Hardware Verify reconfigurable hardware resources
cfgadm Print M64 hardware configuration
m64config -prconf Sets the screen depth of your M64 graphics accelerator
m64config -depth 8|24 Change the resolution of your M64 graphics accelerator
m64config -res 'video_mode'
Kernel Display kernel module information
/usr/sbin/modinfo Load a kernel module
/usr/sbin/modload <module> Unload a kernel module
/usr/sbin/modunload -i <module id> Tuneable kernel parameters
nm -x /dev/ksyms | grep OBJ | more Show system kernal tunable details
/usr/sbin/sysdef
Memory Display Memory Size
prtconf | grep "Memory size"
Network Information Prints ARP table in cache with IP and MAC address
ndd /dev/arp arp_cache_report Displays number active established connections to the localhost
netstat -a | grep EST | wc -l Undocumented netstat command
netstat -k hme0 Show the TCP/IP network interfaces
netstat -i Similar to arp -a without name resolution
netstat -np Show network route table
netstat -r
Displays routing information but bypasses hostname lookup.
netstat -rn Show the state of all sockets
netstat -a | more Follow the route to the ipaddress
traceroute <ipaddress>
Network/Tuning Change MTU of interface
ifconfig eth0 mtu 1500 Add an Interface
ifconfig eth0 10.1.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.255 Virtual Interfaces
/sbin/ifconfig hme0:1 inet 10.210.xx.xxx netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 10.210.xxx.xxx Bring virtual interface up
/sbin/ifconfig hme0:1 up Nailling to 100Mbps
/usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/hme adv_100fdx_cap 1 To set more than 256 virtual ip addresses.
ndd -set /dev/ip ip_addrs_per_if 1-8192 Increase TCP-transmitbuffers
ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_xmit_hiwat 65535 Increase TCP-receivebuffers
ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_recv_hiwat 65535 Processes Processes that are running from /var
fuser -uc /var HUP any related process in one step
kill -HUP `ps -ef | grep [p]roccess | awk '{print $2}'` Shows processes' current open files
pfiles <pid> Kill a process by name
pkill -n <name> pkill for solaris 2.6
kill `ps -ef | grep program_name | grep -v grep | cut -f8 -d ' '` An alternative for top command
prstat -a Displays CPU % usage for each process in ascending order
/usr/ucb/ps -aux | more Gives the full listing of the process (long listing)
/usr/ucb/ps -auxww | grep <process name> Creates list of running PID by
ps -ef | grep -i <string> | awk '{ print $2 }' Gives you a list of any process with CPU time more than 0:00
ps -ef | grep -v "0:00" | more Show all processes running
ps -ef | more See which instances of Oracle are running
ps -fu oracle|grep pmon Print the parent/child process 'tree' of a process
/usr/proc/bin/ptree <pid> Print the working directory of a process
/usr/proc/bin/pwdx <pid> Returns the process utilizing the most cpu and quits
top -b 1
Resource Management List the dynamic dependencies of executable files
/usr/bin/ldd [filename] Report address space map a process occupies
/usr/proc/bin/pmap pid
Route Configuration Adds route to 128.50 network via 128.50.1.6
route add net 128.50.0.0 128.50.1.6 1 Deletes route to 128.50 network
route delete net 128.50.0.0 128.50.1.6 Which interface will be used to contact hostname
route get [hostname] Monitors traffic to the routes
route monitor Removes all entries in the route table
route flush
Searching Items Search for multiple patterns within the same file
egrep "patterna|patternb" <filename> Find a string in files starting cwd
find . -exec egrep -li "str" {} \; Find without traversing NFS mounted file systems
find / -fstype nfs -prune -o fstype autofs -prune -o -name filename -print Find recently modified files
find . -mtime -1 -type f Find files modified during the past # of days
find / -mtime <# of days> Finds and removes files older than <days> specified
find . ! -mtime -<days> | /usr/bin/xargs rm -rf Find files containing <sub-string> within directory tree
find . -type f -exec grep "<sub-string>" {} \; -print Recursive grep on files
find . -type f -print | xargs grep -i [PATTERN] Find all files owned by <username>
find / -user <username> Fast way to search for files
find / | grep [file mask] Recursively finds files by name and automatically removes them
find <start_path> -name "<file_name>" -exec rm -rf {} \; Find large files held open by a process
find /proc/fd -links 0 -type f -size +2000 -ls Fast alternative to find
ls -lR | grep <sub_string>
Security Stops users logging in
echo 'Please go away' > /etc/nologin Find all your writable directories
find / -perm -0777 -type d -ls Find all SGID files
find / -type f -perm -2000 -print find all SUID files
find / -type f -perm -4000 -print
Set Terminal Options Sets the Backspace Key to erase
stty erase ^H Sets the Delete Key to erase
stty erase ^? Rreset terminal after viewing a binary file.
stty sane Reset to standard char set
tput rmacs
Snoop Your Network Watch all network packets on device pcelx0
snoop -d pcelx0 Saves packets from device pcelx0 to a file
snoop -o /tmp/mylog pcelx0 View packets from logfile between host1 & host2
snoop -i /tmp/mylog host1 host2 Show all info on packet number 101 from a logfile
snoop -i /tmp/mylog -v -p101 Write a new logfile with all host1 packets
snoop -i /tmp/mylog -o /tmp/newlog host1 Return the first 120 bytes in the packet header
snoop -s 120 Capture arp broadcasts on your network
snoop -v arp
Swap File Makes a 10 Megabyte swapfile in /export/disk
mkfile -v 10m /export/disk1/myswap
Makes an empty 10 Megabyte swapfile
mkfile -nv 10m /export/disk1/myswap
Swap Space List the amount of swap space available, also see mkfile
swap -s Add a swapfile
swap -a /export/disk1/swapfile Deletes a swap device
swap -d /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s4 List the current swap devices
swap -l
System Configuration Changes eeprom autoboot? setting without going to Ok prompt
/usr/sbin/eeprom auto-boot? false Set the system to perform diagnostics on the next reboot.
/usr/sbin/eeprom diag-switch? true Check /etc/group file syntax
/usr/sbin/grpck Check /etc/passwd file syntax
/usr/sbin/pwck Clear host specific network configuration information
/usr/sbin/sys-unconfig
System Information and Monitoring Report global core
coreadm -e log Convert UNIX timestamp to something human-readable
/bin/echo "0t${stamp}>Y\n<Y=Y" | adb Show eeprom parameters
/usr/sbin/eeprom List most recent attempts to switch to superuser account.
grep "\-root" /var/adm/sulog | grep -v \+ | tail -25 Quickly checkout if machine is in 32 or 64 bit mode
isainfo -bv Tells who was or still is on the system
last Log the process ID
logger -i Show system configuration details
/usr/sbin/prtconf -vp System Diagnostics
/usr/platform/`/bin/uname -i`/sbin/prtdiag -v Display number of processors
psrinfo | wc -l Provides cumulative system report.
sar -A <time in sec> Report use of file access system routines.
sar -a <time in sec> Report CPU Utilization
sar -u Displays system information
uname -a Displays summary of what the system is doing every 10 seconds
vmstat 10 Take the input of "ypcat hosts" or "cat /etc/inet/hosts" and sort by IP.
ypcat hosts | sort -n -t. +0 -1 +1 -2 +2 -3 +3 -4
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